In the dusty
highlands of northern Ethiopia, a team of archaeologists recently
uncovered the oldest known Christian church in sub-Saharan Africa, a
find that sheds new light on one of the Old World’s most enigmatic
kingdoms—and its surprisingly early conversion to Christianity.
An international assemblage of scientists discovered the church 30
miles northeast of Aksum, the capital of the Aksumite kingdom, a trading
empire that emerged in the first century A.D. and would go on to
dominate much of eastern Africa and western Arabia. Through radiocarbon
dating artifacts uncovered at the church, the researchers concluded that
the structure was built in the fourth century A.D., about the same time
when Roman Emperor Constantine I legalized Christianty in 313 CE and
then converted on his deathbed in 337 CE. The team detailed their
findings in a paper published today in Antiquity.
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